Mechanisms of Adaptation: How We Improve

Systematic strength training produces structural and functional changes, or adaptations, in the body. The level of adaptation is evidenced by the size and strength of the

muscles. The magnitude of these adaptations is directly proportional to the demands placed on the body by the volume (quantity), frequency, and intensity (load) of training, as well as the body’s capability to adapt to such demands. Training rationally causes the muscles to adapt to the stress of increasing physical work. In other words, if the body is presented with a demand rationally greater than it is accustomed to and enough recovery time is given to trained physiological systems, it adapts to the stressor by becoming stronger.

Neural adaptations to strength training mechanisms to decrease the inhibition of muscle recruitment, as well as intra- and intermuscular coordination improvements.

As you continue to train using PlyoCare balls for arm care and mechanical smoothing, your arm gets stronger and your mechanics become more efficient. After all, those are the goals of the program! However, over time, these workouts become part of what you must do. They now form the “maintenance” cycle that you must continue for years on end to ensure your arm stays healthy and your mechanical pattern does not regress. These exercises no longer improve your arm strength or delivery, but they do reinforce it and keep it solid. To make further improvements, you will need to increase the stress levels or change the modality of training.

Adapting to the workout determines how your maintenance program will be chosen and designed. What used to be a gruelling workout that taxed your body will now simply become your daily warm-up. This is a clear adaptation to the stressor and shows that you have become significantly stronger and holds true across all domains – strength, endurance, plyometric ability, etc.

Multi-factor training is the method by which this program improves your ability level across many domains simultaneously to maximise overall gains. All throwing drills done near high intensities are multi-factor – many changes are happening, though not all of them are good:

• Physical mechanical patterns are changing based on the demand / drill being performed (good)

• Positive structural changes are occurring (muscle recruitment, increased mobility around targeted joints – both good)

• Central nervous system is becoming more efficient at coordinating motor units (good)

• Negative structural changes can occur due to initial faulty technique and/or general stress (decreased internal rotation of the shoulder, decreased elbow flexion/extension range of motion – both bad)

Article reproduced from Driveline Baseball

Interval Running Training for Baseball

Interval training is a type of training that involves a series of low- to high-intensity workouts interspersed with rest or relief periods. The high-intensity periods are typically at or close to anaerobic exercise, while the recovery periods involve activity of lower intensity. Varying the intensity of effort exercises the heart muscle, providing a cardiovascular workout, improving aerobic capacity and permitting the person to exercise for longer and/or at more intense levels.

Trouts

This is an interval training based program designed to enhance cariorespiratory  fitness trough repeated efforts.

Mark out a rectangle 55m x 25 m with cones. You have 10 seconds to go between each cone.

Set 1  4 minutes (2 min rest)

Set 2 3 minutes (2 min rest)

Set 3 2 Minutes

To make more difficult, reduce the time for each side eg 8 seconds for each side. its not recommended to increase the distance as it is not really relevant to baseball.

Assessment GIRD

The GIRD assessment is part of the Performance Plus Assessment Series. GIRD is the difference in total motion of rotation between your shoulders. Your IR + ER = Total Motion for each arm, and that number should be close between each arm. Some pitchers gain significant external rotation due to throwing a lot at a young age while some do not, but keeping these numbers close is vitally important. To pass the GIRD test, total motion should be within 5-10 degrees of each arm.

Assessment Shoulder

The Shoulder assessment is part of the Performance Plus Assessment Series. To test Shoulder Extension, lay on your back with your legs together and your arms at your side with your palms facing downwards. Activate your glutes by squeezing your butt and turn on your core by bracing your stomach lightly. Raise your arms overhead in a slow and controlled manner, externally rotating your shoulder while doing so (pointing your thumbs upwards and eventually toward the ground as you reach overhead). To pass the Shoulder Extension test, you should be able to touch your thumbs to the ground without bending your elbows or excessively arching your back.

Screening Hips – Squat

The Squat test assessment is part of the Performance Plus Assessment Series. To execute the Squat test, place your heels approximately shoulder width and the toes pointed slightly outwards. Drop into a squatting position with your neck neutrally situated, your back flat or slightly arched (not rounded), and knees pushed out. Place your hands straight out at shoulder height. To pass the Squat test, your upper leg must AT LEAST be parallel with the ground. A well-executed squat will have a closed knee angle with the chest up in a strong position with the weight on the heels, not out front (usually accompanied by a collapsed torso).

Crab Walk Drill

This Video is part of the Performance Plus Strengthening Series. The Crab Walk is a good exercise to promote strength and control of the hips and core and is useful in all aspects of hitting and throwing.  Commence standing in an athletic position, with the knees slightly bent and feet facing forward.  You can use a band around the knees or feet to increase the difficulty. Take a shuffle step to the side making sure you don’t twist the leg or pelvis. Stabilise the lead leg and then control the rear leg to step back into the athletic position.  Continue for 15m and return facing the same way to work the other side. As with all the strengthening exercises try and maintain trunk and head control as you perform the exercises. Best done as 6 sets.

Single Leg Dead

This Video is part of the Performance Plus Strengthening Series. The Single Leg Dead Lift is a good exercise to promote strength and control of the Legs and Trunk and is useful in all aspects of hitting and throwing.  Its a great all round exercises as it works all the muscles in the area. Stand with your knees slightly bent, holding a dumbbell in one hand. Hinge forward at the waist and fully extend the opposite leg out to the rear, lowering the dumbbell towards your shin. Keep your back straight and do not allow your body to rotate. Contract your gluteus and hamstrings and return to a standing position.

Two Arm Swing Drill

This Video is part of the Performance Plus Strengthening Series. The two arm swing is a good exercise to promote strength and control of the arms and is useful in patterning the throwing action. Stand in an athletic position, cuff weights wrapped around the wrists, hands facing forwards. Curl hands up over and behind head, cast weights out overhead and control rate of descent. Hands. Keep trunk stable during drill. repeat 3 x 6.

Pivot Pick Cuff Weights

This Video is part of the Performance Plus Strengthening Series. ThePivot Pick Swing is a good exercise to promote strength and control of the arms and is useful in patterning the throwing action. Stand in an athletic position, cuff weights wrapped around the wrists, hands facing forwards. Pivot Pickoff Throws are done with the throwing arm in the “goalpost position” or “high-cocked position” and the other arm extended straight out in front. Turn to the right if you are a right-handed thrower and turn to the left if you are a left-handed thrower, then pull the glove arm back, and after a very slight delay, drive the throwing arm forward and turn the thumb down (pronate the forearm). Shoulder rotation should be heavily emphasised here. Done correctly, the athlete will pronate the forearm and learn to hit his right hip with his right hand (if he throws with his right hand) and will feel a stretch during the delay between glove retraction and throwing arm acceleration. The idea is NOT to follow-through across the body, but rather drive the upper arm in a straight line and pronate the forearm. Keep trunk stable during drill. repeat 3 x 6.

Lateral Bound with Sprint

This Video is part of the Performance Plus Strengthening Series. The Lateral Bound With Sprint is a good exercise to promote power and speed and is useful in all aspects of baseball.  Place 6 cones approx 1-1.5 m apart in two rows. Leap powefully form cone to cone and upon reaching the final cone, sprint powerfully for 70 ft. Walk back to start and repeat 6 times.

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